The making of life and action the basis of truth rather than trusting to the intellect alone, is the great new departure in modern philosophy.
One of the theories of knowledge that springs from laying emphasis upon life and action is that of _Pragmatism_, of which the late Professor William James was one of the greatest exponents.

Pragmatists contend that the test of truth is its value for life--if the fact obtained is the most useful and helpful for life, then it is the true one.

Suppose we are endeavouring to solve the great question, "Is there a God ?" We weigh the arguments for and against, but find it difficult to arrive at a definite conclusion, because the arguments on both sides seem equally plausible.

How are we to decide?
We cannot postpone the decision indefinitely--we are forced to make a choice, for upon our decision depends our aim and ideals in life.

We are faced with a "forced option," and must choose one or the other.