Even the worn-out clothing of the saints and the earth of their graves were venerated.

From Palestine were brought what were affirmed to be the skeletons of St.Mark and St.James, and other ancient worthies.

The apotheosis of the old Roman times was replaced by canonization; tutelary saints succeed to local mythological divinities.
Then came the mystery of transubstantiation, or the conversion of bread and wine by the priest into the flesh and blood of Christ.

As centuries passed, the paganization became more and more complete.

Festivals sacred to the memory of the lance with which the Savior's side was pierced, the nails that fastened him to the cross, and the crown of thorns, were instituted.