Unshaded 'insulae' are as yet unexcavated.)] _Timgad_ (figs.

22, 23).
From this piece of half-literary evidence we pass to purely archaeological remains, and first to the province of Numidia in Roman Africa and to the town of Timgad.

The town of Thamugadi, now Timgad, lay on the northern skirts of Mount Aures, halfway between Constantine and Biskra and about a hundred miles from the Mediterranean coast.
Here the emperor Trajan founded in A.D.100 a 'colonia' on ground then wholly uninhabited, and peopled it with time-expired soldiers from the Third Legion which garrisoned the neighbouring fortress of Lambaesis.
The town grew.

Soon after the middle of the second century it was more than half a mile in width from east to west, and its extent from north to south, though not definitely known, cannot have been much less.

The first settlement was smaller.