" "The King taketh upon him to command the Priests." {85} The opposite doctrine, that it appertains to the Church, is an invention of Satan.

To that diabolical invention, Andrew Melville and the Kirk returned in the generation following, while James VI.

held to Knox's theory, as stated in the "Appellation." The truth is that Knox contemplates a State in which the civil power shall be entirely and absolutely of his own opinions; the King, as "Christ's silly vassal," to quote Andrew Melville, being obedient to such prophets as himself.

The theories of Knox regarding the duty to revenge God's feud by the private citizen, and regarding religious massacre by the civil power, ideas which would justify the Bartholomew horrors, appear to be forgotten in modern times.

His address to the Commonalty, as citizens with a voice in the State, represents the progressive and permanent element in his politics.