[Ice-Caves of France and Switzerland by George Forrest Browne]@TWC D-Link bookIce-Caves of France and Switzerland PREFACE 2/2
He had attempted to visit a fourth, when, unfortunately, the want of a ladder of sufficient length stopped him. I was allowed to read Papers before the British Association at Bath (1864), in the Chemical Section, on the prismatic formation of the ice in these caves, and in the Geological Section, on their general character and the possible causes of their existence. It is necessary to say, with regard to the sections given in this book, that, while the proportions of the masses of ice are in accordance with measurements taken on the spot, the interior height of many of the caves, and the curves of the roof and sides, are put in with a free hand, some of them from memory.
And of the measurements, too, it is only fair to say that they were taken for the most part under very unfavourable circumstances, in dark caves lighted by one, or sometimes by two candles, with a temperature varying from slightly above to slightly below the freezing-point, and with no surer foot-hold than that afforded by slippery slopes of ice and chaotic blocks of stone.
In all cases, errors are due to want of skill, not of honesty; and I hope that they do not generally lie on the side of exaggeration. CAMBRIDGE: _June_ 1865. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I.PAGE THE GLACIERE OF LA GENOLLIERE, IN THE JURA .............1 CHAPTER II. THE GLACIERE OF S.GEORGES, IN THE JURA ................19 CHAPTER III. THE LOWER GLACIERE OF THE PRE DE S.LIVRES, IN THE JURA ...............................................32 CHAPTER IV. THE UPPER GLACIERE OF THE PRE DE S.LIVRES .............46 CHAPTER V. THE GLACIERE OF GRACE-DIEU, OR LA BAUME, NEAR BESANCON, IN THE VOSGIAN JURA ....................................60 CHAPTER VI. BESANCON AND DOLE ......................................85 CHAPTER VII. THE GLACIERE OF MONTHEZY, IN THE VAL DE TRAVERS ........97 CHAPTER VIII. THE GLACIERE AND NEIGIERE OF ARC-SOUS-CICON ............118 CHAPTER IX. THE SCHAFLOCH, OR TROU-AUX-MOUTONS, NEAR THE LAKE OF THUN ...................................................131 CHAPTER X. THE GLACIERE OF GRAND ANU, NEAR ANNECY .................157 CHAPTER XI. THE GLACIERE OF CHAPPET-SUR-VILLAZ, NEAR ANNECY ........182 CHAPTER XII. THE GLACIERES OF THE BREZON, AND THE VALLEY OF REPOSOIR ............................................202 CHAPTER XIII. LA BORNA DE LA GLACE, IN THE DUCHY OF AOSTA ............210 CHAPTER XIV. THE GLACIERE OF FONDEURLE, IN DAUPHINE .................212 CHAPTER XV. OTHER ICE-CAVES:-- THE CAVE OF SCELICZE, IN HUNGARY .....................237 THE CAVE OF YEERMALIK, IN KOONDOOZ ...................240 THE SURTSHELLIR, IN ICELAND ..........................244 THE GYPSUM CAVE OF ILLETZKAYA ZASTCHITA, ORENBURG ....249 THE ICE-CAVERN ON THE PEAK OF TENERIFFE ..............253 CHAPTER XVI. BRIEF NOTICES OF VARIOUS ICE-CAVES .....................256 CHAPTER XVII. HISTORY OF THEORIES RESPECTING THE CAUSES OF SUBTERRANEAN ICE .......................................282 CHAPTER XVIII. ON THE PRISMATIC STRUCTURE OF THE ICE IN GLACIERES .....300 CHAPTER XIX. ON THE MEAN TEMPERATURE OF THE REGIONS IN WHICH SOME OF THE GLACIERES OCCUR ............................308 APPENDIX ...............................................313 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. ICE-COLUMNS IN THE GLACIERE OF LA GENOLLIERE ...........6 ENTRANCE TO THE GLACIERE OF S.GEORGES .................24 VERTICAL SECTIONS OF THE GLACIERE OF S.GEORGES ........26 LOWER GLACIERE OF THE PRE DE S.LIVRES .................39 SECTION OF THE LOWER GLACIERE OF THE PRE DE S.LIVRES .......................................41 SECOND CAVE OF THE UPPER GLACIERE OF THE PRE DE S.LIVRES ..............................................50 VERTICAL SECTIONS OF THE UPPER GLACIERE OF THE PRE DE S.LIVRES ...........................................52 VERTICAL SECTION OF THE GLACIERE OF GRACE-DIEU, NEAR BESANCON ...............................................77 BATH IN THE DOUBS, AT BESANCON .........................91 VERTICAL SECTION OF THE GLACIERE OF MONTHEZY, IN THE VAL DE TRAVERS .........................................108 GROUND PLAN OF THE GLACIERE OF MONTHEZY ................110 VERTICAL SECTION OF THE GLACIERE OF GRAND ANU, NEAR ANNECY .................................................173 ICE-CAVE IN THE SURTSHELLIR ............................248 * * * * *.
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