They were anxious to bring the negro into contact with the culture of the white race and thereby they strengthened the conclusion to which the negro had already jumped that educational and manual labor were an impossible combination.

Then, too, in order to prove the sincerity of their belief in the brotherhood of mankind, they entered into the most intimate association with their pupils and their families.
Some of them, we know, were compelled to struggle hard to overcome their instinctive repugnance to such intimacy.

All of them taught by implication, and some by precept as well, that the Southern whites who held themselves apart were enemies to the blacks.

That these teachers did some good is undoubted, but whether in the end a true balance would show more good than harm is not so certain.
When the native whites resumed control after the days of Reconstruction, their first thought was to reduce the expenses of the State.

Tax levies were cut to the bone, school taxes among them.