It tells us, indeed, of degeneracy and decay, but it knows of no period when civilisation began.
So far as archaeology can teach us, the builders of the Babylonian cities, the inventors of the cuneiform characters, had behind them no barbarous past.
APPENDICES I EGYPTIAN CHRONOLOGY Egypt was originally divided into several independent principalities.
Eventually these became the kingdoms of Northern (or Lower), and Southern (or Upper) Egypt.

Among the kings of Northern Egypt were (1) Pu, (2) Ska, (3) Katfu ( ?), (4) Tau, (5) Thesh, (6) Nenau ( ?), and (7) Mekha; among the kings of Southern Egypt was Besh.
The two kingdoms were united by Men or Meni (Menes), king of This, who builds Memphis and founds the First dynasty of the united monarchy.
DYNASTY I.( THINITE).
1.

Meni.
2.

Teta I.
3.

Atotha.
4.