The Province of government passes beyond the properly protective function, and includes many institutions of public convenience, which are not identified with right and wrong.

The defence from external enemies; the erection of works of public utility; the promotion of social improvements,--are all within the domain of the public authority.[1] II .-- The second class of Rules are supported, not by penalties, but by Rewards.

Society, instead of punishing men for not being charitable or benevolent, praises and otherwise rewards them, when they are so.
Hence, although Morality inculcates benevolence, this is not a Law proper, it is not obligatory, authoritative, or binding; it is purely voluntary, and is termed merit, virtuous and noble conduct.
In this department, the members of the community, in their unofficial capacity, are the chief agents and administrators.

The Law of the Land occupies itself with the enforcement of its own obligatory rules, having at its command a perfect machinery of punishment.

Private individuals administer praise, honour, esteem, approbation, and reward.