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Moral Science; A Compendium of Ethics

PART II
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The other, _fear_, has reference either to power of spirits invisible, or of men.

In the state of nature, it is the first kind of fear--a man's religion--that keeps him to his promises.

An oath is therefore swearing to perform by the God a man fears.

But to the obligation itself it adds nothing.
Of the other Laws of Nature, treated in Chap.XV., the third, _that men perform their covenants made_, opens up the discussion of _Justice_.
Till rights have been transferred and covenants made there is no justice or injustice; injustice is no other than the non-performance of covenants.

Further, justice (and also property) begins only where a regular coercive power is constituted, because otherwise there is cause for fear, and fear, as has been seen, makes covenants invalid.


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