His defence was firm, his submission was not inglorious, and the emperor was content with an easy tribute, the demolition of his fortresses, and the acknowledgment, on his coins, of a supreme lord.

The artful flattery of his son Grimoald added the appellation of father, but he asserted his dignity with prudence, and Benventum insensibly escaped from the French yoke.IV.

Charlemagne was the first who united Germany under the same sceptre.

The name of _Oriental France_ is preserved in the circle of _Franconia_; and the people of _Hesse_ and _Thuringia_ were recently incorporated with the victors, by the conformity of religion and government.

The _Alemanni_, so formidable to the Romans, were the faithful vassals and confederates of the Franks; and their country was inscribed within the modern limits of _Alsace_, _Swabia_, and _Switzerland_.