Brahmin India affords a fair illustration of the industrial exemption of both these classes.

In the communities belonging to the higher barbarian culture there is a considerable differentiation of sub-classes within what may be comprehensively called the leisure class; and there is a corresponding differentiation of employments between these sub-classes.
The leisure class as a whole comprises the noble and the priestly classes, together with much of their retinue.

The occupations of the class are correspondingly diversified; but they have the common economic characteristic of being non-industrial.

These non-industrial upper-class occupations may be roughly comprised under government, warfare, religious observances, and sports.
At an earlier, but not the earliest, stage of barbarism, the leisure class is found in a less differentiated form.

Neither the class distinctions nor the distinctions between leisure-class occupations are so minute and intricate.