As far as the Renaissance is concerned, all three are moments in its history; though it was only during the third that the influences of the classical revival made themselves overwhelmingly felt.

Niccola Pisano in the first stage marked a fresh point of departure for his art by a return to Graeco-Roman standards of the purest type then attainable, in combination with the study of nature.

Giovanni Pisano effected a fusion between his father's manner and the Gothic style.

The Pisan sculpture was wholly Christian; nor did it attempt to free itself from the service of architecture.

Giotto opened the second stage by introducing new motives, employed by him with paramount mastery in painting.