Carlisle mentions a case in which there was vomiting of a fluid containing urea and having the sensible properties of urine.

Curious to relate, a cure was effected after ligature of the superior thyroid arteries and sloughing of the thyroid gland.

Vomiting of urine is also mentioned by Coley, Domine, Liron, Malago, Zeviani, and Yeats.

Marsden reports a case in which, following secondary papular syphilis and profuse spontaneous ptyalism, there was vicarious secretion of the urinary constituents from the skin.
Instances of the anomalous exit of urine caused by congenital malformation or fistulous connections are mentioned in another chapter.
Black urine is generally caused by the ingestion of pigmented food or drugs, such as carbolic acid and the anilines.

Amatus Lusitanus, Bartholinus, and the Ephemerides speak of black urine after eating grapes or damson plums.