The left renal artery came from the bifurcation of the aorta and the primitive iliacs.

The right kidney was situated normally, and received from the aorta two arteries, whose volume did not surpass the two arteries supplying the left suprarenal capsule, which was in its ordinary place.

Displacements of the kidney anteriorly are very rare.
The ureters have been found multiple; Griffon reports the history of a male subject in whom the ureter on the left side was double throughout its whole length; there were two vesical orifices on the left side one above the other; and Morestin, in the same journal, mentions ureters double on both sides in a female subject.

Molinetti speaks of six ureters in one person.

Littre in 1705 described a case of coalition of the ureters.