They are often associated with some form of defective audition--harelip, ocular disturbance, club-feet, congenital hernia, etc.

These supernumerary members vary from one to five in number and are sometimes hereditary.

Reverdin describes a man having a supernumerary nipple on the right side of his chest, of whose five children three had preauricular appendages.

Figure 104 represents a girl with a supernumerary auricle in the neck, described in the Lancet, 1888.

A little girl under Birkett's care in Guy's Hospital more than answered to Macbeth's requisition, "Had I three ears I'd hear thee!" since she possessed two superfluous ones at the sides of the neck, somewhat lower than the angle of the jaw, which were well developed as to their external contour and made up of fibrocartilage.