Chantreuil mentions obliteration of the external auditory canal in the new-born.

Bannofont reports a case of congenital imperforation of the left auditory canal existing near the tympanic membrane with total deafness in that ear.

Lloyd described a fetus showing absence of the external auditory meatus on both sides.

Munro reports a case of congenital absence of the external auditory meatus of the right ear; and Richardson speaks of congenital malformation of the external auditory apparatus of the right side.
There is an instance of absence of the auditory canal with but partial loss of hearing.

Mussey reports several cases of congenitally deficient or absent aural appendages.