Marcellus Donatus speaks of two pupils in one eye.

Beer, Fritsche, and Heuermann are among the older writers who have noticed supernumerary pupils.

Higgens in 1885 described a boy whose right iris was perforated by four pupils,--one above, one to the inner side, one below, and a fourth to the outer side.

The first three were slit-shaped; the fourth was the largest and had the appearance as of the separation of the iris from its insertion.

There were two pupils in the left eye, both to the outer side of the iris, one being slit-like and the other resembling the fourth pupil in the right eye.