Penrose, assisted by Baldy, has performed this operation after excision of an inch of the left ureter for carcinomatous involvement.

The distal end of the ureter was ligated, and the proximal end implanted in the bladder according to Van Hook's method, which consists in tying the lowered end of the ureter, then making a slit into it, and invaginating the upper end into the lower through this slit.

A perfect cure followed.

Similar cases have been reported by Kelly, Krug, and Bache Emmet.

Reed reports a most interesting series in which he has successfully transplanted ureters into the rectum.
Ureterovaginal fistulae following total extirpation of the uterus, opening of pelvic abscesses, or ulcerations from foreign bodies, are repaired by an operation termed by Bazy of Paris ureterocystoneostomy, and suggested by him as a substitute for nephrectomy in those cases in which the renal organs are unaffected.