At this time, on sounding the man, it was found that he had stone; this was removed by lateral operation, and was found to weigh 2 1/4 ounces, having for its nucleus a piece of bone about 1/2 inch long.

Dougherty reports the operation of lithotomy, in which the calculus removed was formed by incrustations about an iron bullet.
In cases in which there is a fistula of the bladder the subject may live for some time, in some cases passing excrement through the urethra, in others, urine by the anus.

These cases seem to have been of particular interest to the older writers, and we find the literature of the last century full of examples.

Benivenius, Borellus, the Ephemerides, Tulpius, Zacutus Lusitanus, and others speak of excrement passing through the penis; and there are many cases of vaginal anus recorded.

Langlet cites an instance in which the intestine terminated in the bladder.