In less than twenty years, that busy scene was converted into a silent solitude; the wealthy citizens escaped to Sicily and Constantinople; and the secret historian has confidently affirmed, that five millions of Africans were consumed by the wars and government of the emperor Justinian.

[5] [Footnote 3: The Moorish wars are occasionally introduced into the narrative of Procopius, (Vandal.l.ii.c.

19--23, 25, 27, 28.

Gothic.
l.iv.c.

17;) and Theophanes adds some prosperous and adverse events in the last years of Justinian.] [Footnote 4: Now Tibesh, in the kingdom of Algiers.