Many persons before they die make a written statement, telling how they wish their property disposed of.

This written statement is called a will or testament.

Some who are possessed of property die without making a will.
They are said to die _intestate_.

To see that the provisions of wills, if any be made, are complied with, and, in case no will is made, to make sure that the property comes into possession of those best entitled to it, is the important and wellnigh sacred duty of an officer called the judge of probate.

If no one is named in the will to look after the education and property of minor heirs, the judge of probate may appoint a guardian.