To students of English industrial history the transition to such a state will not appear more marked than the transition through which industry passed under the Industrial Revolution to the present capitalist system.

But the recognition of this possible future does not justify us in suggesting productive co-operation as a present remedy for the poverty of low-skilled city workers.

These latter must rise several steps on the industrial and moral ladder before they are brought within the reach of the co-operative remedy.

It is with the cost and labour of these early steps that the students of the problem of present poverty must concern themselves.
Sec.3.Trade Unionism.

Ability of Workers to combine.