An allusion to the attempts to establish international relations between the Unions of English workmen and those of foreign countries is important, more as indicating the probable line of future labour movement, than as indicating the early probability of effective international union of labour.

Though slight spasmodic international co- operation of workers may even now be possible, especially among members of English-speaking races, the divergent immediate interests, the different stages of industrial development reached in the various industrial countries, seem likely for a long time at any rate to preclude the possibility of close co-operation between the united workers of different nations.
Sec.6.Parallelism of the Movements in Capital and Labour .-- Now this movement in labour, irregular, partial, and incomplete as it is, is strictly parallel with the movement of capital.

In both, the smaller units become merged and concentrated into larger units, driven by self- interest to combine for more effective competition in larger masses.

The fact that in the case of capital the concentration is more complete, does not really impair the accuracy of the analogy.

Small capitals, when they have co-operated or formed a union, are absolutely merged, and cease to exist or act as individual units at all.