The Ram is pictured among the constellations with his head averse.
(5) See Book I., 463.
(6) See Mr.Heitland's introduction, upon the meaning of the word "cardo".

The word "belt" seems fairly to answer to the two great circles or four meridians which he describes.

The word occurs again at line 760; Book V., 80; Book VII., 452.
(7) The idea is that the cold of the poles tempers the heat of the equator.
(8) Fuso: either spacious, outspread; or, poured into the land (referring to the estuaries) as Mr.Haskins prefers; or, poured round the island.

Portable leathern skiffs seem to have been in common use in Caesar's time in the English Channel.

These were the rowing boats of the Gauls.
(Mommsen, vol.iv., 219.) (9) Compare Book I., 519.
(10) Compare the passage in Tacitus, "Histories", ii., 45, in which the historian describes how the troops of Otho and Vitellius wept over each other after the battle and deplored the miseries of a civil war.