Stuyvesant retired to his _bowerie_ or farm on East River, from which the famous Bowery of New York City derived its name, and in tranquillity passed the remainder of his life.
The people of New York soon discovered that a change of masters did not increase their prosperity or happiness.

Brodhead says: "Fresh names and laws they found did not secure fresh liberties.

Amsterdam was changed to New York and Orange to Albany; but these changes only commemorated the titles of a conqueror.

It was nearly twenty years before the conqueror allowed for a brief period to the people of New York even that partial degree of representative government which they had enjoyed when the tri-colored ensign of Holland was hauled down from the flagstaff of Fort Amsterdam.

New Netherland exchanged Stuyvesant and the West India Company and a republican sovereignty for Nicolls, a royal proprietor and a hereditary king.