These examples are but typical of myriads in cathedrals and abbeys and parish churches throughout Europe; and all served to impress upon the popular mind a horror of everything called diabolic, and a hatred of those charged with it.

These sermons in stones preceded the printed book; they were a sculptured Bible, which preceded Luther's pictorial Bible.( 356) (356) I cite these instances out of a vast number which I have personally noted in visits to various cathedrals.

For striking examples of mediaeval grotesques, see Wright's History of Caricature and the Grotesque, London, 1875; Langlois's Stalles de la Cathedrale de Rouen, 1838; Adeline's Les Sculptures Grotesques et Symboliques, Rouen, 1878; Viollet le Duc, Dictionnaire de l'Architecture; Gailhabaud, Sur l'Architecture, etc.

For a reproduction of an illuminated manuscript in which devils fly out of the mouths of the possessed under the influence of exorcisms, see Cahier and Martin, Nouveaux Melanges d' Archeologie for 1874, p.

136; and for a demon emerging from a victim's mouth in a puff of smoke at the command of St.Francis Xavier, see La Devotion de Dix Vendredis, etc., Plate xxxii.
Satan and his imps were among the principal personages in every popular drama, and "Hell's Mouth" was a piece of stage scenery constantly brought into requisition.