The gates were opened.

All were pardoned, and Domitius was allowed to escape a second time.
Caesar left a portion of his forces in Gaul, and with the rest arrived at Rome in the early winter of 49-48.

Thus far he had been successful.
Gaul, Spain, Sardinia, Sicily, and Italy were his.

He had not succeeded, however, in getting together a naval force in the Adriatic, and he had lost his promising lieutenant, Curio, who had been surprised and killed in Africa, whither he had gone in pursuit of Cato and Pompey's followers.
During Caesar's absence, affairs at Rome had resumed their usual course.
He had left the city under charge of his lieutenant, Aemilius Lepidus, and Italy in command of Mark Antony.

Caesar was still at Massilia, when he learned that the people of Rome had proclaimed him Dictator.
Financial troubles in the city had made this step necessary.