He is forced to admit that the state is not possible without the co-operation of men whom he will not admit to membership in it, either because they are not capable of sufficient rational appreciation of political ends, like the barbarians whom he thought were natural slaves, or because the leisure necessary for citizenship can only be gained by the work of the artisans who by that very work make themselves incapable of the life which they make possible for others.

"The artisan only attains excellence in proportion as he becomes a slave," and the slave is only a living instrument of the good life.

He exists for the state, but the state does not exist for him.
2.

Aristotle in his account of the ideal state seems to waver between two ideals.

There is the ideal of an aristocracy and the ideal of what he calls constitutional government, a mixed constitution.