At 8 p.m.the floes opened, and within a few minutes the 'Endurance' was nearly upright again.

Orders were given for the ice to be chipped clear of the rudder.

The men poled the blocks out of the way when they had been detached from the floe with the long ice-chisels, and we were able to haul the ship's stern into a clear berth.

Then the boiler was pumped up.

This work was completed early in the morning of October 19, and during that day the engineer lit fires and got up steam very slowly, in order to economize fuel and avoid any strain on the chilled boilers by unequal heating.