Of Madame A.Audley's short and readable "Frederic Chopin, sa vie et ses oeuvres" (Paris: E.Plon et Cie., 1880), I need only say that for the most part it follows Karasowski, and where it does not is not always correct.

Count Wodzinski's "Les trois Romans de Frederic Chopin" (Paris: Calmann Levy, 1886)--according to the title treating only of the composer's love for Constantia Gladkowska, Maria Wodzinska, and George Sand, but in reality having a wider scope--cannot be altogether ignored, though it is more of the nature of a novel than of a biography.

Mr.Joseph Bennett, who based his "Frederic Chopin" (one of Novello's Primers of Musical Biography) on Liszt's and Karasowski's works, had in the parts dealing with Great Britain the advantage of notes by Mr.A.J.Hipkins, who inspired also, to some extent at least, Mr.Hueffer in his essay Chopin ("Fortnightly Review," September, 1877; and reprinted in "Musical Studies"-- Edinburgh: A.& C.Black, 1880).
This ends the list of biographies with any claims to originality.

There are, however, many interesting contributions to a biography of Chopin to be found in works of various kinds.

These shall be mentioned in the course of my narrative; here I will point out only the two most important ones--namely, George Sand's "Histoire de ma Vie," first published in the Paris newspaper "La Presse" (1854) and subsequently in book-form; and her six volumes of "Correspondance," 1812-1876 (Paris: Calmann Levy, 1882-1884).
My researches had for their object the whole life of Chopin, and his historical, political, artistical, social, and personal surroundings, but they were chiefly directed to the least known and most interesting period of his career--his life in France, and his visits to Germany and Great Britain.