His ancestors, he said, had often changed the whole of the Antwerp magistracy by their own authority.

It was a little too much that this matter, as well as every other state affair, should be controlled by the secret committee of which the Cardinal was the chief.

Granvelle, on his side, was also in a rage.

He flung from the council-chamber, summoned the Chancellor of Brabant, and demanded, amid bitter execrations against Orange, what common and obscure gentleman there might be, whom he could appoint to execute the commission thus refused by the Prince and by Aremberg.

He vowed that in all important matters he would, on future occasions, make use of nobles less inflated by pride, and more tractable than such grand seignors.