He had now dropped the title of Lord Paramount of Scotland, the country being considered as virtually part of England.

Garrisons were placed in every stronghold in the country, and many new castles were raised to dominate the people.
The public documents were all carried away to England, the great seal broken in pieces, and the stone of Scone--upon which, for five hundred years, every Scotch monarch had been crowned--was carried away to Westminster, where it has ever since formed the seat of the thrones upon which English monarchs have been crowned.
The tide of war had not passed near Glen Cairn; but the excitement, as from time to time the news came of stirring events, was very great.

The tidings of the massacre of Berwick filled all with consternation and grief.

Some of the men quitted their homes and fought at Dunbar, and fully half of these never returned; but great as was the humiliation and grief at the reverses which had befallen the Scotch arms, the feeling was even deeper and more bitter at the readiness with which the whole of the Scotch nobles flocked in to make their peace with King Edward.
It seemed so incredible that Scotland, which had so long successfully resisted all invaders, should now tamely yield without a struggle, that the people could scarce believe it possible that their boasted freedom was gone, that the kingdom of Scotland was no more, and the country become a mere portion of England.

Thus, while the nobles with their Norman blood and connections accepted the new state of things contentedly enough, well satisfied to have retained rank and land, a deep and sullen discontent reigned among the people; they had been betrayed rather than conquered, and were determined that some day there should be an uprising, and that Scotland would make a great effort yet for freedom.