On the other hand, the misfortunes of our fellows often cause pity, which has in it a strong mixture of good-will.

This sentiment of pity is nearly allied to contempt, which is a species of dislike, with a mixture of pride.

I only point out these phenomena, as a subject of speculation to such as are curious with regard to moral enquiries.

It is sufficient for the present purpose to observe in general, that power and riches commonly cause respect, poverty and meanness contempt, though particular views and incidents may sometimes raise the passions of envy and of pity.] A man who has cured himself of all ridiculous pre-possessions, and is fully, sincerely, and steadily convinced, from experience as well as philosophy, that the difference of fortune makes less difference in happiness than is vulgarly imagined; such a one does not measure out degrees of esteem according to the rent-rolls of his acquaintance.

He may, indeed, externally pay a superior deference to the great lord above the vassal; because riches are the most convenient, being the most fixed and determinate, source of distinction.