A certain degree of generous pride or self-value is so requisite, that the absence of it in the mind displeases, after the same manner as the want of a nose, eye, or any of the most material feature of the face or member of the body.
[Footnote: The absence of virtue may often be a vice; and that of the highest kind; as in the instance of ingratitude, as well as meanness.

Where we expect a beauty, the disappointment gives an uneasy sensation, and produces a real deformity.

An abjectness of character, likewise, is disgustful and contemptible in another view.

Where a man has no sense of value in himself, we are not likely to have any higher esteem of him.

And if the same person, who crouches to his superiors, is insolent to his inferiors (as often happens), this contrariety of behaviour, instead of correcting the former vice, aggravates it extremely by the addition of a vice still more odious.