The four-class arrangement excludes from intermarriage all persons, whether parents and children or not, who bear the same class name, say Hippai.
Among the central and northern tribes, from the Arunta of the Macdonnell hills to the Gulf of Carpentaria, the eight-class rule exists, and it is, confessedly, the most advanced of all.
In this respect, then, the Arunta of the centre of Australia are certainly more advanced than the Euahlayi.

The Arunta have eight, not four, intermarrying classes.

In the matter of rites and ceremonies, too, they are, in the opinion of Messrs.

Spencer and Gillen, more advanced than, say, the Euahlayi.

They practise universal 'subincision' of the males, and circumcision, in place of the more primitive knocking out of the front teeth.