The right conferred upon the President to recommend to the consideration of Congress "such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient," was emptied of practical importance by the success of Congress in interpreting it as meaning no more than that the President may request Congress to take a subject into consideration.
In practice, Congress considers only such measures as are recommended by its own committees.

The framers of the Constitution took special pains to fortify the President's position by the veto power, which is treated at length in the Constitution.

By a special clause, the veto power was extended to "every order, resolution or vote...

except on a question of adjournment"-- a clause which apparently should enable the President to strike off the "riders" continually put upon appropriation bills to coerce executive action; but no President has ventured to exercise this authority.

Although the Senate was joined to the President as an advisory council in appointments to office, it was explained in "The Federalist" that "there will be no exertion of choice on the part of Senators." Nevertheless, the Senate has claimed and exercised the right to dictate appointments.